Definition

A US bank charter issued by the OCC under the National Bank Act, enabling nationwide banking powers subject to federal supervision.

Key Points

  • Full-service national banks vs limited-purpose national trust banks
  • 2026 fintech charter wave includes conditional full charters (Upstart, Nubank, Mercury, Valt) and trust charters (Circle, etc.)
  • Conditional approval ≠ open for business

Sources