Definition

The Jacobian Lens (J-lens) is an interpretability technique that reads out what an internal neural activation is “disposed to make the model say” by linearly transporting residual-stream vectors to the final-layer basis using average input–output Jacobians, then decoding via the model’s unembedding.

Key Points

  • Formula: lens_l(h) = unembed(J_l @ h) where J_l = E[∂h_final / ∂h_l]
  • Enables layer × position visualization of silent internal concepts
  • Used to discover j-space in claude
  • Reference implementation: anthropics/jacobian-lens (Apache 2.0); companion to paper “Verbalizable Representations Form a Global Workspace in Language Models”
  • Interactive demo on open-weights models via Neuronpedia partnership

Sources