Definition

Human-in-the-loop AI requires meaningful human review, authorization, or corroboration before AI outputs influence consequential decisions — especially in intelligence, medicine, and use-of-force contexts.

Key Points

  • 2026-09-18: Process failure — analyst skipped independent verification before disseminating AI-formatted intelligence (2026-09-18-ai-hallucination-us-military-operation)
  • Steckler: LLM uncertainty must be understood for targeting and operational planning decisions
  • Speed-focused AI adoption without verification guardrails increases catastrophic error risk

Sources