Definition

GhostLock (CVE-2026-43499) is a stack-based use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel rtmutex priority-inheritance futex cleanup path. An unprivileged local attacker can achieve root privilege escalation (~97% success in research) and container escape.

Key Points

  • Discovered by: Nebula Security VEGA automated analysis tool
  • Affected range: Linux v2.6.39-rc1 through v7.1-rc1 (introduced 2011, 15 years latent)
  • Requirement: CONFIG_FUTEX_PI=y (enabled on virtually all distro kernels)
  • Root cause: remove_waiter() assumes current task owns waiter; requeue path cleans wrong task, leaving dangling rt_mutex_waiter pointer
  • Fix: commit 3bfdc63936dd in Linux 7.1; backported to AlmaLinux, CloudLinux, and other distros (July 2026)
  • CVSS: 7.8 High — local attack vector, low complexity, low privileges, no user interaction
  • Bounty: $92,337 Google kernelCTF reward
  • Part of: 2026 Linux kernel vulnerability wave alongside Januscape, Bad Epoll, dirtyclone, DirtyFrag

Sources